EU and Venezuela
In 2024, the EU exported EUR 800 million of goods to Venezuela and imported EUR 2.1 billion, giving a trade volume of EUR 2.9 billion. The exports are mainly made up of minerals, chemicals, and machine goods, and the imports are of course primarily oil. As for the main EU country doing business with Venezuela, it is Spain which makes up more than half of all trade. Statistically, these trade volumes barely register in the EU trade tables but it is of course the 303 billion barrels of oil reserves and the political heft resulting from that which is the true agenda for the EU and indeed the whole world.
EUR/USD 1.1667.
EU Outsourcing
In these days of MAGA and sanctions with POTUS reversing the trend of the USA outsourcing manufacturing to cheaper economies in South East Asia and elsewhere, it is interesting to note that the EU likewise continues to outsource jobs to other countries in IT for example. However, the countries that the EU outsources to are the UK, India, USA and Canada, and China. Germany is the largest country in terms of those jobs with in excess of 50,000 outsourced abroad. It is worth noting the ratio of domestic jobs lost versus those gained through outsourcing. Between 2020 and 2023 the EU lost 150,000 jobs through outsourcing but gained only 50,000. The implication is clear that the EU is an expensive place to do business and neighbouring countries that can offer competitive costings will continue to benefit.
EUR/JPY 185.41.